臺東縣國小六年級學生族群交友研究 一以2015年為例

An Analysis of the Boundary of Ethnic Friendship in Taitung County — A Case Study of the Sixth Graders in 2015

本研究旨在探討臺東縣國小六年級學生的人際交友現況以及封閉性，研究方法以 2015年科技部計畫「臺灣東部教育長期資料庫之建置」三年期計畫第一期之臺東資 料庫學生普查為基礎，藉由百分比交叉表及對數線性的統計分析方法獲得資料。研究 發現臺東縣國小六年級學生在人際交友現況中，無論是本省閩南或原住民，其在百分 比交叉表流出或流入的族群交友配對中，皆有較明顯的交友封閉性，其原因可能是臺 東地區的本省閩南和原住民人□數較多，彼此有較多的接觸機會。而本省客家和外省 人的人□數量較少，也容易被低估族群交友封閉性的邊際次數效應，其中尤以外省人 的人數最少，大幅影響人際交友上選擇同為外省人當好友的機會。在進一步的對數線 性分析中，發現剔除樣本的邊際次數效應後，臺東縣國小六年級學生的人際交友封閉 性在各族之間差異不大，僅外省人同族交友的比例稍高，整體而言各族群間的族群交 友界線不明顯。

Data used in this study was drawn from the student questionnaire of Taitung County belonging to the first phase of “the Construction of the Eastern Taiwan Education Panel Survey，” which was sponsored in 2015 by the Ministry of Science and Technology. Cross-tabulation and Log-linear model were utilized to examine the hypotheses. The findings of this study show that in the choices of intrapersonal friendship among the sixth graders in Taitung County， whether they are Taiwanese Hokkiens or indigenous people， there was a relatively significant friendship insularity in the outflow or inflow of ethnic friendship matching in the percentage cross table; the reason might be that both the Taiwanese Hokkiens and indigenous people have greater opportunities to meet one another as they have a larger population in the Taitung region. However， the population of Taiwanese Hakkas and Mainlanders is much smaller， and it is also easy to underestimate the marginal effects of their friendship insularity; among the three groups， the number of Mainlanders is the lowest， which immensely affects their chances of choosing to make friends with other Mainlanders in interpersonal friendship. In the further log linear analysis， the difference in friendship insularity among the sixth graders in Taitung County was not great， with Mainlanders having a higher ratio and more opportunities in making friends with their same ethnic group. In general， the boundary of ethnic friendship among various ethnic groups was not remarkable.