即席發言同步口譯中譯英譯文邏輯銜接強化現象

Enhancement of Logical Cohesion in Chinese/English Simultaneous Interpreting for Impromptu Speakers

即席發言為會議口譯常見的原文形式。由於即席發言的邏輯銜接通常較為 鬆散，口譯員為確保產出譯文能符合邏輯銜接的品質指標，在理解原文與產出 譯文過程都可能需要花費更多氣力。本研究以篇章分析方式，比較學生口譯員 與專業口譯員在面對中文講者即席發言時，如何確保譯文的邏輯銜接。採用的 語料為一篇中文即席發言演講原文與 8 位口譯員的同步口譯英文譯文。為能清 楚對照中文講者即席發言的邏輯銜接與口譯員產出英文譯文的邏輯銜接，本研 究分析兩類邏輯銜接指標：回指關係與元話語。研究發現，整體來說，無論是 學生或專業口譯員，對於中文講者即席發言時使用代詞回指或元話語的方式， 並不會照單全收。口譯員在理解訊息過程中，會將特定代詞的回指對象在譯文 中明確化，進而減輕觀眾的認知負擔，並使譯文更加簡潔。在元話語方面，口 譯員雖傾向保留原講者的框架與過渡標記，但當原文講者因即席發言導致元話 語使用不當時，口譯員也會就自身的理解，決定是否譯出或修正。

A common type of input for conference interpreters is impromptu speeches. With their generally looser logical structure, impromptu speeches can present unique challenges for interpreters, especially in terms of meeting the criteria of the “logical cohesion of utterance.” This study examines the process as well as the quality of the Chinese-toEnglish simultaneous interpreting of an impromptu speech by eight interpreters— four professionals and four trainees—in order to see if interpreters may need to exert more effort in the interpreting process. Two types of cohesion criteria were adopted, anaphora and metalanguage, to compare the levels of cohesion between the source and the target texts. The results show that both professional and student interpreters tended to make certain types of anaphora explicit in their renditions, possibly in an attempt to make their interpreting more succinct and understandable. In addition, the interpreters usually preserved the frame and transition markers used by the speaker in their renditions. But when those meta-discourse markers were used inappropriately due to lack of planning, interpreters might change or delete the markers based on their own understanding.