敘事視角轉換之譯者風格 以三島由紀夫《潮騷》的中譯本為例

“Perspective Transfer” and Style in Chinese Translations of Yukio Mishima's Shiosai

本論文旨在探討譯者在處理「視角轉換」時的個性與慣性，分析譯者如何 重新建構原作的敘事世界，解析翻譯文本中譯者痕跡與翻譯風格。「視角」指 的是敘事論中的敘述視角 述說故事時觀察的角度，也就是故事情節是何 人以何種立場、角度來陳述展開。本論文以三島由紀夫所著之《潮騷》的三部 中譯本 譯者分別為劉慕沙、林少華及唐月梅 為研究對象。關注的是 譯者是否有特定的翻譯風格，特別是偏好以敘述者的視角描述，或是透過人物 觀點在觀看、感知世界，觀察的漢語語言標的有二，一為第三人稱代詞，一為 反身代詞「自己」。本文希望以語料庫語言學之量化研究手法為出發點，輔以 敘事視角的質性分析，並連結認知語言學「詮釋」（construal）的觀點，討論 漢語中的第三人稱代詞與反身代詞在視角轉換上的功能，藉由語言形式所透露 的端倪獲得譯者介入視角的線索，解碼譯者翻譯風格。

The present paper aims to study the personality and inclination of the translator when he/she is processing a “perspective transfer”, to analyze how a translator recreates the narrative world of the original work, and to scrutinize the translated work to determine the translator's style as well as the imprints left on the translation by the translator. “Perspective” in this paper refers to the perspective of the narrator in terms of narrative theory: the perspective from which the narrator observes the whole situation and tells a story. In other words: Who is giving us the plot? From what vantage point, angle, perspective is he/she doing the narrating? I will be taking for the object of this study The Sound of Waves ( 潮騒 Shiosai ), a novel by the Japanese author Yukio Mishima which was translated into Chinese by Liu Mu-sha, Lin Shao-hua, and Tang Yue-mei. What I propose to do is to determine whether the translated novel has a definite “translational style.” I will especially try to see if the translator has any preferred narrative perspectives, and whether or not the translator observes or perceives the world through the perspective of certain characters. There are two specific Chinese linguistic markers that I will focus on in this study: the first is the third-person pronoun; the second is the reflexive pronoun. I intend to use quantitative research methods from corpus linguistics as a starting point. In conjunction with this, I will use the qualitative method of narrative perspective analysis combined with the concept of “construal” from cognitive linguistics. These tools will be used to determine the function and effect of the Chinese third-person and refl exive pronouns when a change of perspective is involved; by using the form of the language, I will look for clues as to how the translator enters a certain perspective, and thereby decode the translator's particular style.