儿童早期发展的投资与干预：国际的实证依据

Investment and Interventions in Early Childhood Development

In recent decades， early childhood health， nutrition， social protection， and education have received global attention. Early childhood care and education (ECCE) has become one of the main issues in the post 2015 education agenda and is part of the sustainable development goals. It has become imperative for governments to develop comprehensive policies for young children， assist parents through quality childcare services， and provide adequate public funding to support it. Based on global empirical evidence across a wide range of political， socio-cultural and economic contexts， this review show the importance of intervening early on; the benefits of early investment for individual and socioeconomic development; and the impacts of various early child development interventions. Further， it compares the current and optimal investment patterns in early child development， and describes recent ECCE practices in developing countries. It suggests that governments should measure the quality of ECCE and design policies based on international experience. As implementation of ECCE involved many stakeholders in public and private sectors， it is important to establish a governance structure that supports this coordination， and facilitates policy design and policy making， implementation and evaluation.