為施虐父母提供到宅式親職教育之行動研究

Action Research of Home Based Parent Education for Abusive Parents

研究目的在探討以家庭為場域的到宅式親職教育服務優勢、施虐父母接受到宅式親職教育產生改變的歷程，及對於施虐行為的影響。本研究有兩位參與者，研究者各進行八次到宅式親職教育，研究結果如下：一、歸納參與者無法前往機構接受親職教育的因素有：家庭因素、健康因素及情緒因素的阻礙。因此以到宅式親職教育服務的優勢有：解決為施虐父母提供機構式親職教育的實施困境、透過在家庭中進行觀察，得以發現參與者用「非語言」表達問題的方式。二、參與者的管教困境主要有：管教問題與情緒壓力的糾結、缺乏多元管教方式與管教彈性、缺乏支持系統。三、研究者透過行動策略協助施虐父母進行改變歷程：降低參與者的情緒壓力後，才更能聚焦於問題澄清上；提供適切的親職教育教材增加參與者學習親職教育的資訊；在整個行動的過程，研究者成為參與者情緒壓力的舒緩者與社會網絡的支持者、成為參與者面對管教問題的協助者。四、施虐父母接受到宅式親職教育後對施虐行為的影響有：可從不同觀點看待問題及願意嘗試不同的管教方法來改善親子關係、舒緩情緒壓力與再出發，學習將自我情緒壓力與孩子的問題行為分離以及自我省思與覺察。

The purpose of this research was to investigate the advantages of home based parent education services， how parents changed， and how their previous abusive behaviors were reduced. Two mothers were participants in this study， and eight sessions of home based parent education were conducted. Results were as followed: First， parents won’t go to institute for parenting program due to family， personal health and emotion factors. Therefore， the researcher delivered the parenting education successfully and was able to observe parenting behaviors and problems are home setting. Second， children’s problems and mothers’ emotions were often tangled together. Parents were lack of multiple and flexible disciple methods， as well as social support. Third， researchers would reduce mothers stress first， and clarifying their parenting problems. Customized parenting program was developed to fit individual needs. Finally， changes of mothers in the program were observed. Mothers were more likely to see children’s behaviors from different views， and willing to try different parenting methods. Mothers were able to restart after they were relived from negative emotions. They also learn to differentiate their own emotional stress and children’s problem behaviors.