中国大学生参与创客运动的关键驱动因素

Driving Factors of Chinese College Students' Participation in the Maker Movement

The maker movement begins in the United States and presents a fast rising trend in China and other countries in recent years. Under the guidance of ＂public entrepreneurship and innovation＂ strategy， the maker movement attracts positive attentions from government， society， and universities in our country. Being active ， knowledgeable and creative， university students are important forces in the maker movement. Attracting and maintaining university students to participate in the movement is of great significance in promoting innovation and entrepreneurship of the whole society. This study made a positive and effective exploration to find the key driving factors of university students ' participation in the maker movement so as to effectively motivate the creativities of university students and promote innovation and entrepreneurship development of the whole society. By interviewing with 28 students in seven universities ， this study used grounded theory method to build a key driving factor model for university students ' participation in the maker movement. The key driving factors model comprised of internal factors and external factors ， including four main factors and the corresponding detailed factors. The four main factors were maker thinking， team cooperation ， guidance and motivation， and environmental support. Maker thinking included innovation will， self achievement orientation， professional quality and action consciousness ; Team cooperation included team identity， leadership mechanism， the spirit of sharing and mutual benrifit; Guidance and motivation included teachers ， curriculum， typical demonstration and incentive mechanism; Environmental support included government policy， the promotion of universities， the participation of enterprises and social resources. Based on the achievements of grounded theory， the study designed a corresponding scale and collected large sample data. Using the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis ， this study further verified the correctness and rationality of the theoretical model. This study enriched the make research related theory. It is of great empirical significance and value to attract and maintain more university students' participation in the maker movement and promote the development of innovation and entrepreneurship. Policy makers and managers of universities should cultivate the maker thinking of students ， cultivate high quality team， strengthen guidance and inspiration ， and strengthen environmental support to encourage more outstanding students to participate in the movement and promote our country to be a creative power of science and technology.