論憲法多元價值對教科書編審之規範作用

The Prescribing Functions of Multicultural Values in the Constitution on Textbooks Review and Approval

多元文化國乃我國憲法明文規定的國家目標條款，遂而課予國家立法、行政、司法皆應積極促進並維護多元文化之義務；而個體間的文化背景差異，又係形成不同價值觀的重要基礎，故憲法所稱「肯定多元文化」，自可視為「尊重多元價值」之體現。基於憲法最高性的法治國基本原則，前揭明文即能透過實定法之位階拘束效果，而對包括教科書審定在內的所有國家權力形成法律強制作用。為釐清憲法多元價值對教科書編審之可能規範，本文透過文獻探討與法理論述，首先探究多元文化國之憲法誡命，並基於此一概念衡酌國家審定教科書之正當性，進而歸納分析我國教科書編審的多元價值要求。據此，本文認為教科書審定具有憲法正當性，惟應配合社會發展漸次調整，且須保留編者論述餘地以落實版本多元之目的；另一方面，教科書編輯亦應尊重多元文化，以確保學習內容之價值多元。

Being a multicultural country is a goal enshrined in the Constitution. This implies the importance of promoting diversity, whether in the areas of legislation, administration, or justice. As individual differences in cultural backgrounds form different values, affirming diversity in the Constitution can be regarded as valuing multicultural values. The Constitution of our country was founded on liberalism; therefore, it values multicultural perspectives. As the supreme document over the land, it impacts all national power, including the textbook review and approval system. To clarify the prescribing functions of multicultural values in the Constitution, this paper employs literature review as it explores the implications of being a multicultural country as set forth in the Constitution. Based on such a view, it also examines the legitimacy of the national textbook review and approval system and analyzes the multicultural values in textbook editing and review. It concludes that the textbook review and approval system has legitimacy in the Constitution, but it needs to be modified as society develops. It should also allow editors to develop their discourse to enable the existence of different versions. Additionally, textbook editors should respect multiculturalism to ensure the diversity of learning content.