俄罗斯普通高中侧重专业式教学人文类课程目标探析

Research on the Objectives of Focusing Professional Teaching in the Senior Stage of General Education in Russia at the Beginning of 21st Century

21世纪初，俄罗斯普通高中教育领域最显着的改革举措之一是政府颁布了旨在扩大学生社会化可能性，保证普通教育与职业教育之间衔接性的《普通教育高级阶段侧重专业式教学构想》，而这种构想在俄罗斯联邦2004年颁布的最新《普通教育国家教育标准联邦部分》中被确认。促进个性品质的发展、重视知识系统性的掌握、培养个体关键性能力的形成、提升运用知识与技能解决问题能力的课程的目标，成力当今俄罗斯国家普通高中侧重专业式教学标准的核心价值取向。

At the beginning of 21st century, the senior stage of general education in Russia underwent important reforms, and the most notable one was the “Idea of Focusing Professional Teaching in the Senior Stage of the General Education”. This reform was issued by the Russian Government in order to realize students' socialization and to ensure integration between general education and vocational education. This reform was rendered in the “National Education Criteria of General Education” by the Russian Federation in 2004 Currently, there are four main tasks in the core value system of curriculum criteria associated with focusing professional teaching in the senior stage of general education, including emphasizing students' mastery of knowledge; promoting the development of students' personality traits; emphasizing students' socialization, and enhancing the application of knowledge and skills to solve problems.