社會連結、低自我控制與非行少年偏差行為之研究—以臺灣地區少年矯治機構為例

A Study on Social Bonds, Low Self-control and Deviant Behaviors of Juvenile Delinquents in Juvenile Correction Institutions in Taiwan

本研究旨在探討臺灣地區非行少年社會連結、低自我控制與偏差行為之間的差異 情形與關聯性，研究方法係以問卷調查為主，針對法務部所屬三所少年矯治機構接受 感化教育的839 位觸法或虞犯少年實施調查，並以描述性統計、t 考驗、單因子變異 數分析、Pearson 積差相關及多元迴歸分析等方法進行分析，歸納研究結論如下：（一） 非行少年社會連結屬於中低程度，且自我控制力不足，亦出現較多虞犯行為。（二） 不同背景變項之非行少年在社會連結部分具有顯著差異，性別、家庭結構與父母管教 方式的差異顯現在依附與信念等社會鍵。（三）不同背景變項之非行少年在低自我控 制部分具有顯著差異，組間差異達顯著水準之變項為性別、年齡與家庭風險狀況等變 項。（四）不同背景變項之非行少年在偏差行為部分具有顯著差異，達顯著差異為性 別、年齡與父母管教方式等變項。（五）非行少年之社會連結與偏差行為之間具相關 性。（六）非行少年之低自我控制與偏差行為之間均呈現中度正向相關。（七）社會連 結、低自我控制對偏差行為有顯著預測力，以依附偏差同儕最具正向預測效果；其次 為冒險性之正向預測效果。本研究最後提出具體建議，作為有關當局、家長、教師及 未來相關研究之參考。

The purpose of this study was to explore the difference and relationship of juvenile delinquents’ social bonds， low self-control， and deviant behaviors in Taiwan. According to 839 juvenile delinquents who were conducting correction education in three Correction Institutions of Agency of Corrections， Ministry of Justice， questionnaire survey has been adopted as the research method and descriptive statistics， independent sample t-test， one-way ANOVA， Pearson product-moment correlation， and multiple regression analysis were applied to analyze the data. The findings of this study were summarized as follows: first， juvenile delinquents’ social bonds were insufficient， the degree of self-control was low， and there were more delinquency offense behavior. Second， there were partially significant differences in social bonds in terms of gender， family structure， and parenting style variables. Third， there were partially significant differences in low self-control in terms of gender， age， and family risk variables. Fourth， there were partially significant differences in deviant behaviors in terms of gender， age， and parenting style variables. Fifth， there were partially significant correlations between social bonds and deviant behaviors. Sixth， there were significant negative correlations between low self-control and deviant behaviors. Final， juvenile delinquents’ social bonds and low self-control can effectively predict deviant behaviors， and the most significant predictor was the attachment with the deviant peers. The suggestions of the findings were made for the authorities， parents， teachers and the future studies.