科技大學學生任務價值、期限壓力及拖延：主動及被動拖延者之比較

Task Value%2C Deadline Pressure and Procrastination among University of Science Students: Comparison of Active and Passive Procrastinators

本研究主要從時間動機觀點檢測主動/被動拖延者在期限壓力下之任務價值、任 務延遲及拖延行為之變化。研究參與者包含421名科技大學四年級之在學學生為研 究參與者，研究工具包含拖延行為評定表、主動拖延量表、學業自我效能量表、任 務價值量表及任務延遲量表，分析技術採取結構方程模式、Cohen’sD、變異數分析、 重複量數分析及纟考驗。研究結果顯示，1.參與者對高工具價值學科之任務正向知覺 較高，具有較高之自我效能、興趣、成就需求及熱衷取向，對低工具價值學科則反 之。2.隨著任務期限接近，任務價值（第一次測量）對任務價值（第二次測量）具有 直接正向效果；任務延遲（第一次測量）對任務延遲（第二次測量）具有直接負向 效果。3.在任務價值及任務延遲之比較上，無拖延者比被動拖延者及主動拖延者具有 較高之自我效能。本研究並根據研究結果提供建議。

The main purpose of this study was from a point of time motivation to compare the difference among active/passive procrastinators. The participants were 421 university of science students and research tools included procrastination check list， active procrastination scale， academic self-efficacy scale， task value scale and task delay scale. Questionnaires were analyzed by structural equation model， t test， ANOVA， Cohen’s d and repeated measures analysis. The results of this study were as follows: ( 1) Participants perceived task value， with higher standards of self-efficacy， interest， achievements and demand oriented. ( 2 ) With the mandate of approaching， the task value ( first measurement) had a direct positive effect on task value( second measurement)， in relative terms， task delayed ( first measurement) had a direct negative effect on task delayed (second measurement) . (3 ) Three different procrastinator types revealed different level of task value and task delay. Implications for theory， practice and research are discussed.