基于科研论文发表的中国研究型大学正教授的类型及特征

The Type and Characteristics of Professors at Research Universities in China Based on Their Published Articles

基于全国抽样的问卷和网络检索的双重调查，研究了中国研究型大学中拥有博士学位的全职正教授的论文发表状况。从发表期刊论文的数量和质量（以被引次数为代表）两个维度将这些教授分为“高产高质、低产高质、高产低质、低产低质”四个类型，并得出四种类型教授的数据分布特征，如论文篇数与被引次数正相关，高质者与低质者的比例呈“三七开”，高质者分布稀疏而低质者分布密集，低产并不意味着高质等。从对教授的个人特征和科研工作取向的分析中得到四类大学教授的群体特征：论文高质者通常是那些相对年轻、偏好科研、感到研究压力较大的教授；论文高产者的研究合作频次较高；论文的数量及质量与教授的性别无关。

The paper studies the academic publication of full-time professors who have doctoral degrees and work at research universities in China based on the national faculty survey and online searching. From the perspectives of the quality & quantity of published articles on academic journals， professors are categorized into four types， namely， high-quantity & high-quality， low-quantity but high-quality， high-quantity but low-quality， and low-quantity & low-quality. Meanwhile the characteristics of the data on these four types are discussed in the paper. For instance， the quantity positively correlates with the citation frequency; the ratio of high-quality to lowquality is three to seven; high-quality is sparse but low-quality is dense; low-quantity does not necessarily mean high-quality. Besides， the paper also summarizes the group characteristics of the four-type professors considering their individual characteristics and working preferences as follows: those with high -quality publications are professors who are younger， under greater stress， and prefer research; those with high-quantity publications are professors who adopt a cooperative way in research more frequently; neither the quantity nor the quality of published articles has significant relationship with gender.