探究青少年憂鬱與偏差行為的歷時性的影響關係

Investigating the Longitudinal Effects between Juvenile Depression and Deviance

本研究以潛在成長曲線模式分析「臺灣青少年成長歷程」之國中學生樣本，主要目的在於（1）驗證並比較憂鬱與偏差行為之理論模式，以（2）了解青少年憂鬱與偏差行為的發展趨勢與因果關係，並（3）檢視理論模式中路徑關係的性別差異情形。研究結果發現：（1）整體而言，憂鬱與偏差行為間具有複雜的交叉延宕影響，交互影響模式最適合用來解釋國中學生憂鬱與偏差行為間的影響關係。（2）憂鬱與偏差行為的影響路徑存在著性別差異。對國中男生而言，國中二年級的憂鬱與偏差行為皆會影響其後兩者的成長改變情形；對國中女生來說，只有國中二年級的憂鬱會影響憂鬱與偏差行為的成長改變，國中二年級的偏差行為對憂鬱的成長改變沒有影響。

The present study introduces the latent growth modeling to analyze junior high school students' samples in the panel survey: Taiwan Youth Project. The main purposes are to (1) examine and compare the theoretical models of depression and deviance, (2) realize the development trend in and casual relationship between depression and deviance, and (3) investigate the gender difference in the path relationship. The results indicated that (1) in general, there are cross-lagged effects between depression and deviance, with the reciprocal relation model being the best fit to the data for interpreting the relationship between depression and deviance in junior high school students; and that (2) the gender difference existed in the influential path relationship between depression and deviance. For boys, the change rates were influenced by their initial status in both depression and deviance at the first grade. For girls, at the first grade, the initial depression had influences on the change rate in both depression and deviance, while the initial status in deviance had no effect on the change rate in depression.