心臟病兒童運動行為相關因素之探討

Investigation of Heart Disease Children's Exercise Behavior and Its Related Factors

本研究是了解影響心臟病兒童運動行為及其相關因素。以自編的結構式問卷收集資料，包括運動知識量表、運動健康信念量表、運動自我效能量表、運動社會支持量表及運動資源量表。以台北市北投區七所國小四至六年級55名心臟病兒童為研究對象。收集之資料以皮爾森積差相關、t檢定、單因子變異數分析與多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析。研究主要發現如下：病童有參加運動社團者，其假日身體活動量顯著高於未參加運動社團者；未接受手術治療者，其平日與假日身體活動量顯著高於接受手術完全治療者；運動自我效能與假日及三日的身體活動量有顯著正相關，自覺運動障礙與假日及三日的身體活動量有顯著負相關。而是否接受手術治療、參加運動社團、自覺運動障礙與自我效能是影響病童身體活動量主要的預測因素。研究結果可作為提昇心臟病兒童身體活動量與運動行為之參考。

The purpose of this research is to investigate heart disease children's exercise behavior and its relevant factors. Data are collected through self-edited and structured questionnaires, including exercise knowledge scale, exercise health belief scale, exercise self-efficacy scale, exercise social support scale, and exercise resource scale. Fifty-five heart disease children, who are between fourth and sixth grades of seven different primary schools at the Beitou District in Taipei, are recruited. Data collection are analyzed using Pearson Correlation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression. Major findings of the study are as follows: children who have participated in sport clubs would be more willing to participate in activities during weekends than those who have never participated in sports clubs. Children who have never received operation treatment do exercises during both weekdays and weekends more often than those who have received operation treatment with total recovery. The higher a child's exercise self-efficacy, the higher amount of weekends and 3-day physical activities. The lower the perceived exercise barriers, the higher the amount of weekends and 3-day physical activities. The results showed that there are four main predicative factors that influence children's exercise, including operation treatment, sport clubs participation, presence or non-presence of perceived exercise barriers, and selfefficacy. The result of present study can be used as reference to promote heart disease children's amount of physical activity and their exercise behavior.