大學女生身體意象、社會文化因素與體重控制行為之相關研究

A Study of the Relationship among Body Image, Sociocultural Factors, and the Weight-control Behaviors among Female College Students

本研究目的在探討大學女生的身體意象與體重控制行為之現況及相關因素，以分層集束抽樣法，採結構式問卷，獲得有效樣本509人。其重要結果為：1.受社會文化因素（傳播媒體、重要他人體型評價、體重控制忠告及支持）影響愈大、或身體意象愈差者，其節制飲食行為愈高。自覺體重愈重、或自覺父母對其體重控制的忠告和支持程度愈高者，愈常從事身體的活動。而社會文化因素也與身體意象成正相關。2.隨體型的增大，身體意象愈不滿意，受社會文化因素的影響愈大。3.本研究架構中的變項對節制飲食行為的解釋力比身體活動佳（分別為29.4％及7.1％）。身體意象為體重控制行為的最大預測變項。社會文化因素對身體活動只有間接影響力。

The purpose of this study was to evaluate body image and weight-control behaviors among the college female students, and to explore the determinant factors for weight-control behaviors. The study population was all female students who wanted to reduce or maintain their weight in Yu Da College of Business in Miaoli. Subjects were obtained through stratified cluster random sampling. The study was documented with a self-reported questionnaire and collected with groups. There were 509 valid samples. The major findings were summarized as follows: 1. If the objects were influenced more by sociocultural factors (media, more awareness of negative body figure evaluation, receiving more advices and supports of the weight-control from significant others), or showed more dissatisfaction with body image, they showed more dietary restraint behaviors. If the respondents with self-classified overweight, or receiving more weight-control advices and supports from parents, they had more physical activities. Besides, sociocultural factors showed significant positive correlations with body image. 2. Those who had a larger BMI showed lower body image evaluation, and were influenced more by sociocultural factors. 3. All independent variables in this study design had higher explanation in dietary restraint than physical activity (respectively 29.7% and 7.1%). Body image was most effective predictorf or weight-control behaviors. Sociocultural factors had only a indirect influence on physical activity.