我國師專生家庭社經地位、成就動機、抱負水準與學業成就之關係

The Relationships Among Family Motivation, Level of Educational Aspiration and Academic Achievement of Junior Normal College Students in the Republic of China

在社會變遷中生家庭結構與家庭功能縱然有所轉變,家庭仍是人類社會最基本的團體,也是個人社會化最重要地位;家庭文化是個人社會化的主要刺激力量,它協助個人學習社會角色,並形成自我觀念;家庭背景影響個人人格和社會行為的發展,也影響個人的成就動機和抱負水準,又影響個人的學業成就。然而師專生是一較為特殊的社會成員,其家庭社經地位與成就動機、抱負水準可能有異於一般研究群體,而顯示某種程度的偏向或關聯。國內有關此方面的證驗性研究尚付闕如;果若師專生家庭社經地位較低,對其心理、學習經驗、成就動機抱負水準和學業成就是否有不利的影響?教育當局如何予以補救?或謂師專生家庭社經地位雖低,其成就動機與抱負水準則較高,是否屬實?這些問題均值得研究。研究者依研究之需要乃提出下列三項研究目的:(1)調查師專男、女生家庭社經地位之現況。(2)分析師專生家庭社經地位、成就動機、抱負水準與學業成就之相互關係。(3)歸納研究發現,並提出建議,以作為改進師專教育之參考。

The purpose of this study were:(1)to investigate the family socioeconomic status of junior normal college students.(2)to analyze the relationships among family socioeconomic status, academic achievement motivation, level of educational aspiration and academic achievement of junior normal college students.(3)to seek for the appropriate means to reinforce the educational functions of junior normal colleges.
The subjects were 120 boy students and 146 girl students randomly sampled from the senior students of nine junior normal colleges. The procedures of this study included the review of relevant literatures and two questionnaire surveys. The statistical techniques used in this study were:ttest, Chisquare test, Pearson productmoment correlation and path analysis.
The main findings of this study were as follows:
1. The family SES of girl student were higher than that of boy students.
2. The junior normal college students mainly came from the upperlower social class, and next from lowerlower & lowermiddle social classes;over 90 percent students had the potentialities of upward social mobility.
3. The academic achievement motivation of girl students were higher than that of boy students.
4. The level of educational aspiration of boy students were higher than that of girl students.
5. The family SES of junior normal college students had little influence on academic achievement motivation, level of educational aspiration and academic achievement.