我國大學生次級文化之調查分析

An Investigation of University Student Subculture in Taiwan, Republic of China

近代以還,中外的大學教育皆蓬勃發展,同時有關大學的研究也逐漸受到學者們的重視。在各種研究中,大學生次級文化的探討業已成為重要的領域。一般言之,對於大學生次級文化的研究,有從心理學觀點著眼者,亦有從社會觀點著眼者:心理學家多藉用人格測驗的結果,以人格類型的畫分來說明大學生的行為型態和價值觀念;而社會學家則多從文化的概念出發,說明大學生次級文化的形成和特質。兩者的方法與觀點或有不同,然其主要目的,則均在於探討造成大學生之行為和態度差異的社會文化因素。本研究之具體目的有三:(一)探討大學生次級文化之性質及特徵。(二)分析不同性別、院別、居住環境及學校所在地區之我國大學生次級文化的差異情形。(三)歸納研究結果,提出改進我國大學生次級文化的建議,以供大學輔導工作之參考。

This study was undertaken to explore some major aspects of the student subculture formed in the campuses of this country, with a view to providing useful reference materials for the authorities to improve the student personnel services within universities and colleges.
In order to fulfill such a purpose determined, relevant data were obtained from two sources:first, literatures concerning the university students' subculture were reviewed;after this, a questionnaire constructed by the investigator in the light of the theoretical findings which were derived from the review of literatures was used. The questionnaire designed to secure desirable fact data consisted of four dimensions they are:(1)learning attitude and behavior,(2)interpersonal relationship,(3)studentsociety participation, and(4)future expectation.
The investigator selected 2835 junior and senior students, based on the stratified random sampling method, as a sample to be investigated. When they mailed back the questionnaires which had been sent them, the investigator found that among them 2279 were available for statistic procedures, there came out sic conclusions:
1. The students of t his country are industrious enough, but they seem to be lack of the knowledge and abilities necessary to research work.
2. Most of the students have more or less experiences in cutting the classes and on cheating in the examination.
3. Nearly all the students can get along with their peer friends very well, so in turn their attitudes and behaviors are strongly influenced by the peers.
4. Although the quality of the interpersonal relationships between faculty and students is admirable, the quantity of their interactions still needs to be increased.
5. Studentsociety activities have become one of the most important parts of student life in the campuses, and almost all students show positive feelings toward the studentsociety.
6. The students all give deep concerns to the problems that they will immediately encounter after their graduation from universities or colleges, put in a relatively proportional order:
(1)jobseeking(2)further education, and(3)marriage.
According to the major findings, this study suggested the following recommendations for the improvement of universitystudent subculture:
1. Facilitate and encourage the students to do research work.
2. Put more attentions to the classcutting and examinationcheating behaviors of students.
3. Reconsider and reaccommodate the curriculum structure and teaching methods.
4. Provide convenient places outside classroom to increase to increase the faculty student interactions.
5. Build More student resident halls or houses.
7. Maximize the functioning of studentsociety.