高中職學生社會行為評量系統之問題行為量表編製研究

A Study on the Development of Problem Behavior Scale for Adolescents

本研究主要目的在編製適用於評量高中職學生問題社會行為的工具。高中職學生社會行為評量系統包含教師、家長及學生評量表，三種評量表(各110題)內容均包括兩部分：社會能力量表(48題)及問題行為量表(62題)，本文主要在探討高中職學生問題行為量表之發展，並分析其信、效度。問題行為量表包括過動反抗(不專注、過動衝動及憤怒反抗)、焦慮憂鬱(焦慮害怕、身心不適及退縮悲觀)及違反規範(內隱違規、混合違規及外顯違規)等三向度九個分量表，作答方式以Likert式五點量表。結果顯示：(1)教師、家長及學生評量表之問題行為量表的內部一致性係數良好，量表間隔四週重測信度的穩定性係數尚可，量表的評量者間一致性出現低度至中度相關；(2)教師及家長評量表之問題行為量表與「阿肯巴克實證衡鑑系統」，以及學生評量表之問題行為量表與「貝克兒童及青少年量表第二版」的效標關聯效度皆達顯著水準；(3)教師評量表之問題行為量表可以有效區別情障個案與一般學生；(4)驗證性因素分析結果顯示教師、家長及學生評量表之問題行為量表均符合原先建構。最後，以高中職教師607人、家長1，168人及學生1，246人分別建立全國常模，並針對本研究量表應用與後續研究，提出相關建議。

The purpose of this study was conducted to (a) develop a social behavior assessment system for adolescents-problem behavior scale; and (b) evaluate the reliability and validity of this proposed scale. The social behavior assessment system for adolescents comprised 3 scales: the teacher rating scale (TRS)， parent rating scale (PRS)， and self-report scale (SRS). TRS， PRS， and SRS all included 110 items in two scales: Social Competence Scale (SCS) and Problem Behavior Scale (PBS). The Problem Behavior Scale consisted of 62 items divided into 9 subscales for measuring three theoretical dimensions: hyperactivity/ oppositional， anxiety/depression， and conduct problem. The study yielded the following results: (a) TRS-PBS， PRS-PBS， and SRS-PBS all have high internal consistency reliability and 4-week-interval re-test reliability. Besides， the inter-rater reliability between teacherts， parents and students were lower to moderate; (b) content validity was established by consulting experts and exploring document; (c) the concurrent validity of the TRS-PBS and PRS-PBS were satisfactory in one criterion-referenced test (the Achenbach system of empirically based assessment) and the SRS-PBS to the Beck youth inventories was found considerably satisfactory; (d) the discriminant validity of TRS-PBS was found considerably satisfactory in discriminating emotional and behavioral problem adolescents from normal ones; (e) the results of confirmatory factory analysis were found considerably satisfactory in TRS-PBS， PRS-PBS， and SRS-PBS. In general， the reliability and validity of the study were satisfactory. Finally， the percentile rank and t-score norms were developed for 607 subjects in TRS-PBS， 1，168 subjects in PRS-PBS and 1，246 subjects in SRS-PBS. Based on the above well acceptable evidence for the reliability and validity of the instrument， its advanced application in practice and research was discussed and recommended.