補充性調查在國中小校務評鑑之應用

The Application of Supplementary Surveys in Elementary and Junior High School Evaluation

國中小校務評鑑的目的在診斷學校教育缺失、改善學校教育缺失、維持學校教育水平和提高學校教育績效。實務上，校務評鑑需要許多事實資料作為判斷依據，為了蒐集到所需的完整資料，並確認蒐集到的是足以信賴且具較強證據力的資料，此時提倡補充性調查是一個可行策略。因此，本文首先探討補充性調查的概念，並分析其在國中小校務評鑑中實施的必要性，藉由國內外實例探討，歸納出補充性調查在校務評鑑中可資應用的方法包括：文件分析法、訪談法、焦體團體法、觀察法、問卷調查法及個案研究等。最後提出補充性調查對校務評鑑實施具有下列啟示：首重觀念溝通與態度改變；適用校務評鑑及各方案評鑑；蒐集資料兼重背景、輸入、過程及成果面向；推廣到自我評鑑的實施；加強評鑑專業能力訓練；安排充裕的評鑑時間；建立多元資料蒐集模式；提供學校改進與績效考核參據。

The elementary and junior high school evaluation aims to diagnose the shortage of school education and to improve it， to maintain the education level of， and to increase accountabilities of schools. In practice， school evaluation requires a lot of factual data as a basis to judge. In order to collect the complete data and to confirm that the evidences are strong enough to be reliable， the supplementary surveys is feasible and available. Hence， this article discusses the concepts of supplementary surveys， and analyzes the necessity of its implementation in the elementary and junior high school evaluation. By reviewing examples domestic and abroad， the methods that supplementary surveys could be applied in school evaluation include: document analysis， interview， focus groups interview， observation， questionnaire survey and case study. Revelations related to the implementation of supplementary surveys in school evaluation were proposed: (1) Cognitions and attitudes of communication， (2) It is applicable for school evaluation and various program evaluation， (3) The emphasis of data gathered on the context， input， process and product， (4) It can be extended to self-evaluation， (5) It is necessary to strengthen professional competence training of evaluation， (6) The evaluation time should be sufficient， (7) Multi-information collection mode should be established， (8) It can be provided for school improvement and performance appraisal.