教育云服务标准体系研究

Research on the Standard System of Cloud-based Education Service

随着云计算技术快速发展并不断融入教育领域，教育云已成为信息化教学应用服务和教育管理 服务的重要方向和基础依托。然而，由于缺乏统一的标准和规范，国内教育云的发展无序。各地区不断发展自 己的教育云平台，企业也纷纷推出各自的教育云服务解决方案，但不同教育云平台之间难以互联互通，数据和服 务共享困难。这种现状如果不及时调整，新一轮信息孤岛将可能出现。鉴于此，研制和推广教育云服务标准规 范显得十分必要和迫切。此外，教育云服务涉及诸多环节，一两项标准不可能满足需求，需要有完整的标准体 系，因此当前教育云服务标准体系的研究非常必要。本文通过研究国内外云计算及其教育应用的有关标准，根 据国家教育信息化发展战略对教育云服务的需求、教育云自身的技术特点及其在教育教学中的典型应用场景和 服务模式，以及教育云各类用户群体对标准化的实际需求，构建了教育云服务标准体系，包括从低到高的四个层 次(教育云基础规范、教育云支撑技术相关规范、教育云应用相关规范、教育云运营服务规范) 以及贯穿整个教 育云服务体系的教育云安全规范和云间协议，并针对不同标准提出了标准引用组谱。文章最后阐述了各子标准 之间的相互关系和典型应用层次，为教育云服务系列标准内容的丰富奠定基础。

With the rapid development of cloud computing and its increasing integration in education and technology， cloud-based education service has become an important development trend and basics foundation for the application and management services in the field of informationalized ICT in education. However， due to the lack of uniform standards and specifications， there appears a tendency of disorder within the development of cloud-based education. Different regions develop their own education cloud platforms， and various companies launch diverse educational solutions for cloud services. This makes it difficult for the cloud services to connect， to communicate， as well as to share data and services. Without timely adjustment， a new isolated “information islands冶would arise. In addition， cloud -based education services involve multiple interrelated parts， which requires a complete system of standards in order to meet the service needs. Based on the requirement of National Education Information Development Strategy， technical features of cloudbased education， actual needs of user groups， and specifications of cloud computing and its typical application and service models in education， this paper proposes a standards framework for cloud-based education service and describes the relationships among the standards based on actual needs， key technology and real-world application scenarios to support the whole education cloud services. The standards framework consists of four levels (basic standards for cloud -based education， support technical-related standards for cloud-based education， application standards for cloudbased education， and operation service specification)， cloud-based education security specifications， and an Intercloud protocol. Additionally， the paper puts forward group spectrum according to different standards， and describes the relationship and application levels between sub standards， which hopefully set a foundation for the standards series in educational cloud services.