爱国主义：俄罗斯高校公民道德教育的核心内容

Patriotism：Theme for Russian Universities’ Citizen Moral Education

作为一种崇高的道德情感，爱国主义既是一项基本的道德准则，亦是每个公民应具 备的良好品质。20 世纪90 年代以来，随着苏联的解体、意识形态的改变，以及社会主义道德体 系的颠覆，引发了整个俄罗斯思想界的躁动不安，尤以俄罗斯公民道德教育的价值迷惘、思想 紊乱、意义迷失为甚。在摆脱思想道德困境，对“我是谁”、“我从哪里来”、“我要到哪里去”的叩 问与探索中，俄罗斯深入洞悉、穷究、把脉爱国主义在公民道德教育中应有的地位与作用，将弘 扬爱国主义视为俄罗斯重建美好精神家园的思想保障与不竭动力，当做引领公民道德教育的永 恒主题。由于高校是公民道德教育的重要阵地，加之俄罗斯高校对爱国主义的积极倡导与践行， 促使爱国主义不断攀升，爱国主义已成为助推俄罗斯高校公民道德教育健康发展的核心内容。

As a lofty moral emotion， patriotism is not only a basic moral principle but also a good character for every citizen. Since the 1990s，the breakup of the Soviet Union，change of ideology and socialist moral system’s overturn have caused restlessness of entire Russian intellectual circle，especially in Russian citizen moral education in which value，thought and meaning has been lost and disorder. In the process of getting out of moral dilemma and exploring “who am I”，“where do I come from”and “where am I going”，Russian makes a thorough inquiry about the due position and function of patriotism in citizen moral education. Russian regards promoting patriotism not only as spiritual guarantee and inexhaustible motive force for rebuilding beautiful spiritual homestead，but also treats it as an eternal theme of leading citizen moral education. As universities are important fronts for citizen moral education，Russian universities actively advocate and practice patriotism，patriotism has become the core theme for boosting healthy development of Russian universities' citizen moral education.