概念構圖對不同空間能力之國小學童自然科學習成效的影響

The Effects of Concept-Mapping Learning Strategy and Spatial Ability on Elementary Students' Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies and Science Academic Performance

本研究主要目的有三，一為探討概念構圖學習策略對學習者認知策略、後設認知策略與學業成就的影響，二為探討概念構圖對高、低不同空間能力學習者之認知策略、後設認知策略與學業成就的影響，三為瞭解參與學員對概念構圖之看法。研究主要採不等組控制組實驗法，以台南市一國小四年級四個班級學生為研究對象，進行連續七週的實驗教學。單因子共變數資料分析發現：概念組在認知策略、後設認知策略表現上顯著優於控制組。二因子共變數分析發現：概念構圖組、控制組與空間能力高、低組在認知策略、後設認知策略或學業成就上則無交互作用存在。概念構圖組學習者整體上對所採用的學習策略持顯著正面的看法。文末，根據結果提供教學與未來研究建議。

The purposes of this study are three-fold: (1) to examine the effects of concept-mapping on students' cognitive and metacognitive strategies and science academic performance; (2) to investigate the interaction effects between the concept-mapping learning strategy and students' spatial ability; and (3) to understand students' attitudes towards the adopted strategy. A non-equivalent control-group experimental research design was used. Four classes of fourth-graders participated in the study for the support of their science learning for seven consecutive weeks. One-way ANCOVA found a statistically significant effect of concept-mapping on students' cognitive and metacognitive strategies as compared to the traditional teaching approach. Two-way ANCOVA, however, found no significant interaction effects between concept-mapping and students' spatial ability on science performance, cognitive or metacognitive strategies. Finally, students participating in concept-mapping learning activity expressed significantly positive attitudes toward the introduced learning strategy. Suggestions for classroom teachers and future studies were proposed.