法国高校协同创新政策与实践

Collaborative Innovation Policy and Practice in French Universities

创新是不断提高经济竞争力的唯一途径。法国在科技创新上居于世界先进地位，近些年的改革尤其重视协同创新。法国公共科学研究由专门研究机构和高等教育机构共同承担，企业的研究也是创新的重要组成部分。法国在鼓励创新的同时，重视高等教育机构、科研机构和企业之间的合作，创造出研究与高等教育集群、竞争力集群、科研退税制度等重要的协同创新机制。

Innovation is the only way to continuously improve economic competitiveness. France stills holds a leading position over the world in scientific and technological innovation，and its recent reforms place particular emphasis on collaborative innovation. Public scientific research in France is jointly undertaken by specialized research institutions and higher education institutions，with research by enterprises also an important part of innovation. While encouraging innovation， France also emphasizes collaboration between higher education institutions， research institutions， and enterprises， thus creating an important mechanism for collaborative innovative research characterized by clustering of research and higher education，clustering of competitiveness，and a research tax rebate system.