國小生活課程音樂活動實施探究

A Study of Applying Music Activities to the Life Curriculum Teaching in Elementary School

本研究旨在透過問卷調查，瞭解國小低年級生活課程實施情形，包含教師們如何應用音樂活動推動生活課程之教學，以及教師們面對統整式生活課程有何困難與需要，以落實地方教育輔導活動音樂科典範教材示例研發暨教材教法推廣輔導工作。研究問題包含如下：（一）生活課程中教師採用音樂活動的種類與實施情形為何？（二）教師對生活課程教材內容的滿意情形為何？（三）教師對生活課程教學的自我信心為何？\r本研究採取調查研究法，以「高高屏地區國民小學生活課程音樂活動」問卷作為蒐集資料的工具，抽樣調查高雄市、高雄縣、屏東縣低年級生活課程授課教師，有效回收問卷共有410份。根據結果結論如下：\r一、由本研究調查得知許多受訪者的反應及需求，未來音樂科典範教材示例研發暨教材教法推廣小組可以嘗試針對非音樂專業背景教師提供更多有關低年級生活課程音樂活動教學「有效教學方法」及「典範教學示例」，並廣泛收集相關資料以提供教師更多的「參考資訊」，如教材、影音等的來源及管道，以協助教師能對低年級音樂課程的教學內容有足夠的認識，使教師除了能夠從事歌唱教學的活動之外，也能從事音感、簡易節奏樂器及音樂欣賞的教學，以多元的方式豐富教學內容。二、由於多數擔任生活課程的教師並沒有足夠的音樂專業能力，也擔心本身缺乏音樂演奏的能力，因此，音樂科典範教材示例研發暨教材教法推廣小組所提供的教學方法及示例，宜避免使用過多音樂技巧，才能達到協助非音樂專業背景的任課教師教學。\r三、雖然有半數以上的教師缺乏音樂教學自信，但是大多數的教師仍以積極的態度從事生活課程音樂活動教學；因此，學校或教育單位宜增加辦理音樂教學相關知能研習及活動，提供生活課程任教教師專業成長的機會，也刺激教師再學習的動力。四、國小教學雖然是以包班制教學為主，但是具有特殊知能之科目如音樂，仍應以專長教學考量，讓教師得以發揮專長，才能提高教學品質，達到教學之目的。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the implementation of the termed Life Curriculum on the part of how music activities were administered in the curriculum being enforced in elementary school， in hope that the findings of the study might help further fortify the efforts of developing and promoting the materials and methods for music paragon demonstration; that is， the investigation was basically an attempt to find out 1) the question of how the teachers applied music activities to their Life Curriculum teaching， and 2) the kind of difficulty that the teachers encountered when they put the integrated curriculum into practice. The research questions for the study were listed in the following: 1. How do teachers execute music activities in Life Curriculum? 2. How do teachers respond to Life Curriculum materials? 3. Are teachers confident in their Life Curriculum teaching? The data were gathered by using a questionnaire called “The Survey of Music Activities in Life Curriculum in Kaohsiung and Pintung Areas” to investigate the Life Curriculum teaching teachers. Of all the questionnaires returned， 410 of them were valid. Based on the findings of this study， conclusions were drawn up as follows: 1. According to the responses from interviewees， the researcher found that many of them express the hope that the promotion group is able to provide useful teaching methods， paragon teaching demonstration， and reference information to help non-music major teachers become more competent in applying music activities to Life Curriculum teaching.2. Due to the fact that most life curriculum teaching teachers are not equipped with enough music specialties and are also short of music performance experiences， the teaching methods and demonstrations provided by the promotion group should reduce the instructions or demonstrations that require advanced teaching skills such as performance or improvisation to reach the ultimate goal of promoting non-music major teachers’ teaching abilities. 3. Although more than half of the teachers lack of confidence in music teaching， most teachers still have positive attitude towards music activity teaching in Life Curriculum.4. Even though elementary education is mainly an intact-class teaching， the subject teaching which requires special expertise ought to recruit teachers with music specialty to enhance teaching quality and thus reach the teaching’s goal being set up in the beginning. Suggestions derived from this study might serve as the references of pedagogical implications and future research.