真实与虚拟之间的德育：挑战及应对

Moral Education between Real and Virtual: Challenge and Response

当前，虚拟社会给青少年的道德成长以及德育工作带来了诸多挑战，了解虚拟与现实的关系，是我们开展德育的重要基础。“超真实”这一概念，对于我们分析虚拟与现实的关系，具有重要的启发意义。“超真实”指的是一种非真实代替了真实的状态，其主要是由符号主宰生活、仿真文化盛行以及真实与非真实之间的“内爆”形成的。对于青少年道德成长以及德育工作而言，其所带来的是社会存在状态的改变，无疑会产生巨大影响。具体到挑战而言，“超真实”对于德育的挑战主要是：促使社会规范去权威化；逼迫社会规范边缘化；导致社会规范无根化。在应对这一挑战上，教育者可以从两个方面入手：一是引导青少年正确辨别“真实”，进行真实观与符号运作方面的教育；二是为社会规范赋予时代内涵，更新社会规范及其表达方式。

Currently， the virtual community brought many challenges to moral education， understanding the relationship between virtual and reality is an important foundation of our moral conduct. “Hyperreality” refers to a non-real state instead of the real， which is mainly dominated by the symbol ＂implosion＂ of life， as well as simulation culture prevalent between the real and non-real formation. The challenges of “hyperreality” for moral education are mainly: promoting the authority of social norms; persecuting social norms marginalization; leading to social norms uprooting. The educators should response to these challenges from two aspects: one is guiding young people on how to identify the “real” correctly and carry out the education of the outlook on the “real” as well as operational aspects of symbolic concepts; Secondly， giving the era connotation of social norms and update social norms and the expression.