“童”与“军”之悖论* ——民国童子军发展历程探析

The Paradox of “Child” and “Army”: Studies in the Development of Boy Scouts in the Republic of China

20世纪初，英人贝登堡创办了Boy Scout这一儿童组织，并强调“非军事化”的发展原则。民国时期，Boy Scout在传入中国后不仅被译作“童子军”，其发展也自始至终存在着“童”与“军”的悖论。指出这一悖论，是为了更好地理解童子军训练本身的教育价值；对悖论何以产生的分析，又能进一步呈现童子军在中国的独特发展历程。

Early 1900s， Robert Baden Powell designed a children’s organization that was named Boy Scouts and proposed a principle of “non-army”. In the republican period， Boy Scouts was translated into “Tongzi Jun” that means children’s army. Furthermore， there existed a paradox of “Child” and “Army” during the development of Boys Scouts in China. We can further understand the educational value of scouting by pointing out this paradox and present the special development of Boy Scouts in the Republic of China by analyzing this paradox.