師資培育大學與小學合作推動臨床教學之個案研究

A Case Study of Clinical Teaching Promoted by Universities with Teacher Education Programs Collaborating with Elementary Schools

隨著師資培育大學的紛紛轉型，導致整體師資培育者之教學實務知能的逐漸弱化，為解決此一問題，近年一些師資培育大學開始推動臨床教學制度，鼓勵擔任師資培育課程的大學教師到小學現場進行臨床教學，以充實本身的實務教學職能，然而與這領域相關的學理基礎與實徵研究卻仍相當缺乏。因此本研究乃以師資培育中的臨床教學為主軸，一方面透過相關文獻的分析，建構師資培育大學與小學合作推動臨床教學的學理基礎；另一方面，本研究選擇一所個案大學作為研究對象，探討該校推動臨床教學的歷程，可能遭遇到的問題及影響因素。為達上述研究目的，本研究採個案研究法，同時透過個別訪談法、焦點團體訪談法和文件分析法等進行資料的收集。
經由相關資料的分析與討論，本研究提出結論，以及未來師資培育大學與小學合作推動臨床教學的五點建議如下：(1)臨床教學實施宜立基於彼此互惠的基礎；(2)課室中的臨床教學實施宜重視反思與回饋的過程；(3)臨床教學實施宜建立具支持性的組織系統；(4)臨床教學實施可結合師資生的培育；(5)針對不同情境發展多元的臨床教學運作模式。

Some universities with teacher education programs in Taiwan began to implement clinical teaching systems， but there is still lack of theories and empirical studies in this field. For the aforementioned reasons， this study aimed to establish the theory based on clinical teaching through the analysis of relevant literature. One specific university was selected for this study as the subject for research and the process， strategy， influence factors and problems of clinical teaching implementation were explored. The case study was used for primary research approach， and the data were collected via personal interview， focus group interview， and document analysis. Within an analysis and discussion of relevant theories and cases， this study comes to some conclusions and provides several suggestions for the promotion of clinical teaching in teacher education in the future， which include: 1. The design of clinical teaching should be based on the collaboration between universities and elementary schools as well as it should be beneficial for both sides; 2. The clinical teaching should include reflection and feedback in the classroom; 3. Some supportive systems should be established， 4. The clinical teaching should be combined with education of pre-service teachers; 5. The working model of the clinical teaching should be developed depending on different situations.