中國大陸民辦高等教育的政策改革與管理體制

The Reform of Policy and Management of Private Higher Education in Mainland China

本文主要採取文件分析法探討中國大陸民辦高等教育的政策改革與管理體制。全文分為六小節，第一小節為前言，第二小節說明中國民辦高等教育的發展沿革與重要政策改革，第三小節分析中國民辦高等教育機構類型與現況，第四小節說明中國民辦高等教育的管理體制，第五小節分析其面臨的問題，最後，作一簡扼的歸納。簡言之，中國民辦高校雖與公辦高校相較，經常處於弱勢，但近30餘年來民辦高等教育的發展也有著明顯的進展，尤其民辦高校辦學所具有的較大彈性與活力，及其追求辦學績效與對市場需求高靈活度的調整作法，是其最大的優勢。未來若《國家中長期教育改革和發展規劃綱要（2010-2020年）》 一旦定案，隨著政府政策的轉變，在政府財政有限的情況下，民辦高等教育在未來中國高級專業人才培育方面所扮演的角色勢必愈來愈為重要，值得拭目以待。

Using the method of document analysis， I am exploring the reform of policy and management of private higher education in Mainland China. My paper is divided into six sections， including introduction and conclusion. The second section is an analysis of the development and reform of policies concerning private higher education in Mainland China. The third section explains the types or patterns of private higher education institutions， as well as the current provision of private higher education. The fourth section analyzes the system governing private higher education. both in external and internal aspects. The fifth section focuses on the problems in Chinese private higher education. Conclusion is a summary of previous points and some suggestions. As seen in any socialist system， private higher education is discouraged and even prohibited. Thus， even with the policy of openness， it is still in a relatively disadvantaged position in China. Since the market demands flexibility， accountability and adaptability， and since the funding for public education would be limited in the near future， private higher education in China is in demand and growing. It will play a increasingly important role when the proposal of “National mid- and long- term education reform and development program outline” is adopted and executed.