家長對高中職階段智能障礙子女未來婚育狀況之態度研究

A Study of Parents' Marital Attitude for Their Children With Intellectual Disabilities in the High Schools

本研究旨在探討家長對高中職階段智能障礙子女未來婚育狀況之態度，以及不同子女變項與家庭變項對家長態度的影響。本研究之研究對象為雲嘉南地區高中職智障學生之家長，共272位。以研究者自編之「家長對智能障礙子女未來婚育狀況之態度調查表」為研究工具進行問卷調查；所獲得的資料則以描述統計、單因子變異數分析、獨立樣本t考驗與卡方考驗等方式予以統計與分析。依據資料分析結果，本研究歸納出以下幾點主要結論：第一，家長普遍同意其智障子女在成年後結婚，但不同意其婚後生育孩子。第二，家長為子女安排婚配之動機主要是基於「讓智障子女未來有人照顧」及「為子女找個生活上的寄託」等考量。第三，家長將來為子女擇偶時將首重對方的能力條件。第四，半數以上的家長並不侷限於任一種為子女擇偶婚配之方式，但也有高達四成左右的家長僅能接受親友介紹的方式。第五，若以將來會讓子女生育為前提時，則家長贊成之動機多數是基於智障子女「可以和孩子建立親密情感」，並且絕大多數家長期盼將來智障子女能「在親屬從旁協助下養育孩子」。第六，家長對子女未來婚育狀況之態度受子女就讀學校類型、子女性別、子女障礙程度、子女有無伴隨其他障礙、家庭居住地、家庭月總收入、家庭有無正常手足等變項影響而有差異。根據上述研究結果，本研究從教育與輔導、政策與福利、以及未來研究等面向提出相關之具體建議。

This study was aimed to explore the parents' marital attitude for their children with intellectual disabilities, and to compare the influence between different background variables toward parents' attitude. A total of 272 participants were parents of students with intellectual disabilities in the high schools in Yunlin, Chiayi, and Tainan Region. The 'Questionnaire on the Parents' Marital Attitude for Their Children with Intellectual Disabilities' was developed by the researchers as research instrument. The data collected from questionnaire were analyzed by descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, independent-samples t test and Chi- square test. The major findings were as follows: First, the parents generally agreed their children with intellectual disabilities to marry in adult, but didn't agree them to give birth. Second, the motivation of parents arranging marriages for their children were 'let their children be taken care' and 'finding the sustenance for children's future life'. Third, parents of students with intellectual disabilities would take priority of capacity of their children's spouse. Forth, more than 50% of the parents didn't limit of any approach of choosing the spouse for their children. However, around 40% of parents accepted only match-making from their relatives and friends. Fifth, the motivation of parents agreeing their children to give birth was 'the children with intellectual disabilities can build intimacy with their own children'. Besides, most of parents expected that their children with intellectual disabilities can rear children by relatives' assistance. Sixth, the parents' attitude were significant different that affected by their children's school types, gender, degrees of intellectual disabilities, whether with other associate disabilites or not, family residence, monthly income, and whether having other normal siblings or not. According to the results of this study, there were some suggestions offered on the educations, policies, and other researches in the future.