自閉症孩童、智障孩童與一般孩童表情辨識與眼神辨位之比較研究

A Comparative Investigation of Face Processing and Eye-Direction Detecting Among Children With Autism, Mental Retardation, and Average Intelligent Children

本研究採用研究者自編之電腦測驗，比較自閉症孩童（n＝28）、智障孩童（n＝30）和一般孩童（n＝30）在「表情辨識」與「眼神辨位」的表現。研究結果顯示，在「表情辨識」方面，自閉症孩童的表情辨識表現與智障孩童無顯著差異，但顯著落後於一般孩童。而在「眼神辨位」方面，自閉症孩童的眼神辨位表現顯著落後於另兩組孩童的表現，而智障孩童的眼神辨位表現又顯著落後於一般孩童。本研究並根據上述結果，提出若干建議，供教育當局、特殊教育教師、普通班教師、醫療體系、孩童家長，以及未來研究之參考。

The present study adopted computer test to compare face processing and eye-direction detecting of 28 pupils with autism (Au group), 30 pupils with mental retardation (MR group), and 30 average intelligent pupils (AI group). The results indicated that the Au group did not differ significantly from the MR group but significantly worse than the AI group in face processing test. Moreover, in eye-direction detecting test, the Au group performed significantly worse than the other two groups and the MR group performed significantly worse than the AI group.