高中資賦優異學生生涯輔導方案內涵之研究

A Study of Career Counseling Program for Gifted Senior High School Students

本研究主要目的在探討高中資優生之生涯發展特質與輔導需求，並藉由檢視各校所提供的生涯輔導策略及實施情況，提出高中資優生生涯輔導方案內涵。研究者透過文獻探討，初步建構出高中資優學生生涯發展的特質及需求內涵，其後對台中市四所公立高中學術性向類資賦優異學生23位、家長14位以及教師十位實施半結構式訪談，研究工具為研究者本身及其編製之訪談題綱。所得質性資料經編碼、轉譯及詮釋分析後，獲致以下之結論：（1）高中資優生生涯發展有三項特質，分別為「多元潛能與興趣」、「提早顯露與定向」、「完美主義」。（2）高中資優生生涯發展有五項重要需求，分別為「具備獨立思考與學習能力」、「多元化的生涯試探機會」、「社會責任與利他精神」、「思考生命意義」，以及「紓解壓力」。（3）現行高中資優生生涯輔導之實施現況，在輔導主題與策略方面，各校關注的焦點主為「自我認識」、「升學規畫」及「生涯探索」，忽略培養資優生「生涯抉擇技巧與計畫」的能力。（4）在實施策略方面，各校採行的方式主要為：辦講座、提供書面資料、邀請老師及學長姊經驗分享、實施性向測驗及選組類別輔導、安排生涯規劃等相關課程、辦理親師座談或採團體輔導方式。（5）高中資優學生生涯輔導方案應包含「自我認識」、「生涯探索」、「生涯抉擇」、「價值澄清」、「生涯理念」等五項主題，對特殊議題，如「女性資優」、「親職教育」與「情意輔導」等，亦應納入考量。最後依據研究結果提出建議，以供實務工作及未來研究之參考

The purpose of the research is to explore the characteristics of career development and counseling needs of gifted senior high school students. By examining the strategies and practices of career development provided by each school, the researcher concluded the career counseling program of gifted senior high school students. Through exploring the studies done before, the researcher found the several important characters about career counseling program of gifted senior high school students. The semi-structured interviews were conducted to 23 gifted students, 14 parents and 10 teachers. Data were recorded, analyzed, and interpreted. The results indicated that:(1) The career development characteristics of gifted senior high school students were 'multipotentiality', 'early emergence and foreclosure', and'perfectionism'. (2) The career counseling needs of gifted students were 'independent thinking and learning', 'diversified career exploration opportunities', 'social responsibility and altruistic spirit', 'reflections on the meaning of life',and 'pressure releasing '. (3) The issues of career counseling in public senior high school were 'self awareness', 'transition guidance', and 'career exploration', but the 'career goal setting skills' was ignored. (4) The interventions for career counseling in public senior high school were 'arranging speech', 'providing written information', 'offering experience sharing', 'implementing aptitude test and orientation counseling', 'planning career courses and group counseling', and 'holding the parent-teacher meetings'. (5) The content of career counseling program should include 'self-awareness', 'career exploration', 'career decision', 'values clarification', and 'career idea'. Special themes as 'career counseling for gifted girls and women ', 'parents education', and 'affective counseling ' should be took into consideration. At last, according to the results of the research, the researcher proposed some advice not only to do the further study but also to assist the practical job.