自閉症奇才奮力成長的質性研究－－以二位星兒為例

Exploring How Autistic Savants Struggle for Growth - Qualitative Research on Two Autistic Savants

本研究採用質性研究的分析方法，以兩位自閉症奇才為研究主角，透過深入訪談、觀察及文件蒐集等資料蒐集的方法，來探究兩位星兒奇才奮力成長的過程與經歷。而根據本研究的結果發現，兩位奇才成功的因素可歸納為：一、家長因素：把握早期發現、早期治療的原則，盡早讓星兒奇才接受適當的早期療育。其次為秉持著堅定要求、持續教導的原則，耐心的全力教導。再者，極力栽培優勢能力、積極爭取教育資源。二、老師因素：兩位星兒奇才在就學期間，都有幸能夠遇到願意接納的老師，不但運用同儕的力量，也盡量找機會讓星兒奇才發揮優勢、展現潛能，提昇星兒奇才的自信心與學習動機。此外，嚴格規範星兒奇才的行為，使其行為舉止更合宜且更適應社會生活。三、教育制度：彈性的教育措施，包括琴兒獲得音樂教育資源的輔助；及書兒在就學過程中，各項考試加分、增加升學管道等措施。四、個人因素：兩位星兒奇才的成功，也包括本身所擁有的優勢潛能。同時，兩位奇才能夠不斷的努力練習，讓自己的優勢潛能更加發揚光大，更是成功的關鍵要素之一。五、社會因素：家長協會的支持與協助，才華出眾，引起政治人物的關切，以及其他善心人士的協助，也是成功的要素之一。

The purpose of this qualitative research was to explore the stories of the two autistic savants who struggle for growth. In-depth interviewing, observation, and documentary collection were the main strategies used for data collection. The major findings of this research that the two autistic savants successful factors were: 1. Parents Factor: The parents of both the two autistic savants carried out early intervention during their childhood, and adopting persistent manner when educated the autistic savants. Also, early developed their superiority abilities and striving education resource were important factors. 2. Teachers Factor: During the schooling period, there are many helpful teachers who can accept the autistic savants, and using peer tutoring to help the autistic savants, also providing opportunity for the savants to encourage and confirm their ability. 3. Education System Factor: There are friendly education system which providing advantage factor for the two autistic savants. 4. Personal Factor: Both the two autistic savants possess some gifted ability, and they were endeavored to elaborate their superior ability, which lead to their successful. 5. Society Factor: The autistic association provided every kind of help for parents, some politicians pay much attention to the autistic savants, and others help, were the important factors for the autistic savants successful.