新疆学前双语教育情境中民族儿童的汉语发展研究

The Development of Mandarin Acquisition of Uygur Children in Bilingual Preschools in Xinjiang

本研究以新疆学前双语幼儿园384名维吾尔族儿童为研究对象，通过国际通用儿童语言研究工具和汉语语料库研究方法，探讨新疆学前双语教育情境中民族儿童的汉语发展现状。研究发现了学前民族儿童汉语学习呈现不断递升的发展图景，在汉语理解性语义和表达性语义、叙事语言和学业语言，以及汉语平均语句长度等方面逐渐发展的态势，报告了学前民族儿童汉语入学准备的良好前景;根据学前民族儿童汉语语言学习与发展规律，对新疆学前双语教育提出了整合有序的教育模式的建议;同时针对学前民族儿童与汉语为母语儿童之间的汉语语义发展差距，建议新疆学前双语教育重视引入早期阅读理念和图画书资源，为民族儿童的汉语学习构建高质量的语言输入过程。

This study explores the development of Mandarin acquisition of Uygur children in Xinjiang． Participants are 384 Uygur children aged from three to six randomly selected from 24 local bilingual kindergartens． PPVT，EVT and other language tools are applied to assess children’s language development． Children' s development of MLU，as well as other measurement，is also examined through electronic language database analysis ( CHILDES) ． Findings show a development profile that children’s receptive language，expressive language，narrative language，academic language and MLU gradually develop with ages． Ｒesult also indicates that there are some characteristics of young Uygur children in learning Mandarin Chinese． Therefore，suggestions are made to promote early bilingual education in Xinjiang as follows． First，an integrative and balanced model could be adopted for bilingual environment of preschool education; Second，attention should be paid to introduction of reading and picture books at the early age due to the gap of Mandarin acquisition between ethnic preschool children and Han children; Third，a high quality Mandarin language input process should be built for ethnic minority Children．