競速游泳擺臂式與抓臺式出發於膝關節角度及出發距離之研究

A STUDY ON JOINT ANGLE AND STARTING DISTANCE WITH SWING ARM STAR AND GRAB STAR IN COMPETITIVE SWIMMING

本研究目的探討游泳擺臂式、抓臺式出發方式與立定跳遠與膝關節角度、出發距離之比較。游泳比賽中，游泳選手必須用最短時間來完成整個競速游泳，不同的跳水出發方法，將影響選手成績。本研究物件為3名優秀男子游泳選手，其受試者平均身高170.33±2.05公分、體重72.06±2.01公斤、泳齡10.66±0.47年，研究器材是以一台高速攝影機(120Hz)和一台Bertec測力板與SiliconCoach二維動作分析軟體，進行資料分析。抓臺式、擺臂式出發與立定跳遠於三位受試者的膝關節角度分別平均141.04±0.89、135.93±4.36、139.52±4.62度。抓臺式、擺臂式出發與立定跳遠的距離平均為3.13±0.63、3.4±0.91、1.95±0.8公尺。擺臂式跳水動作容易因定義不同，造成其在數值上與其他學者的資料造成差異，主要也和受試者本身跳水習慣、出發動作的熟練度、發力型態及射豐素質條件(身高、體重、柔軟度等)有關。因此選手因透過不斷的練習，找出適合自己成續發揮的理想角度。

Knee joint angle and Jumping distance are focused in this paper. We observe and discuss the relations of these factors between Swing start， Grab start and Standing long jump. In competitive swimming， athletes have to complete the game as short as possible. The starting strategy may affect the competition results. In this paper， three outstanding swimming athletes are found. The average height is 170.33±2.05 cm， average weight is 72.06±2.01 kg， average swimming years is 10.66±0.47 years. One high speed camcorder which set to 120 Hz， Bertec force plate and SiliconCoach two dimensional motion analyzer are used to gather and analysis the data.The average knee joint angle is 141.04±0.89， 135.93±4.36， and 139.52±4.62 degree of Grab start， Swings start and Standing long jump， respective.y. The average jumping distance is 3.13±0.63， 3.4±0.91， 1.95±0.8 meter for three starting strategies respectively. Since the definition of swing start is different， this may cause the gathered data is different from other relevant researches. Furthermore， other factors such like practice of jumping， starting strategies may affect the results. Hence， the swimming athletics should keeping practice to find out the best starting strategy for their self.