軟硬芭蕾舞鞋對於跳躍時下肢運動生物力學之差異－台北首都芭蕾舞團首席舞者之個案分析

Biomechanical analysis of ballet jump movements withflat and pointe shoes: A case of Taipei capital ballet dancer

目的：本研究針對台北首都芭蕾舞團首席女舞者，了解穿著芭蕾舞軟、硬鞋對於下肢運動生物力學表現之差異。舞者穿著自己熟悉的軟、硬鞋進行兩種芭蕾基本跳躍動作測試，動作包含Jump及Entrechat，利用三維動作分析系統及測力板系統擷取慣用腳髖、膝、踝關節的運動學與垂直作用力的參數比較。結果：穿著軟硬鞋在兩種動作起跳力量約為2.28-3.57倍體重，起跳與落下時的踝關節加速度峰值範圍為90832~91919度/秒2及72094~76613度/秒2，膝關節加速度峰值範圍為53802~61520度/秒2及36852~47033度/秒2，結論：穿著軟、硬鞋從事兩種不同跳躍動作，對於落地時的下肢運動力學表現確有不同之處，但軟、硬鞋之間作用比率較小。未來將增加受試樣本並多元了解軟硬鞋對於芭蕾基本不同動作模式表現的影響，將可增進舞蹈表現並預防保護舞者下肢傷害。

Purpose: this study was to investigate the kinematic and kinetic difference of lower-extremity during two jumps with two kinds of shoes by biomechanical approach. One senior Taipei capital Ballet dancer dressed in her personal flat and pointe shoes was asked jump and Entrechat movements. Method: The hip， knee， ankle joint motion of dominant leg was captured by using three-dimensional motion analysis system and force platform system and vertical force was acquired by AMTI force platform. Result: The results were showed the maximal take-off force among two jumps and two varied shoes is about 2.28-3.57 times of body weight. The peak ankle joint acceleration of take-off or loading during jump was about 90，832 ~ 91，919° / sec 2 and 72094 ~ 76613° / sec 2， and the peak knee acceleration ranged in 53802 ~ 61520° / sec 2 and 36852 ~ 47033° / sec2. The conclusion is the loading performance is a little difference between two jumps with less effect from two kinds of shoes. Future study will conduct the difference of ballet basic movement pattern between flat and pointe shoes with large subject samples for improvement of ballet performance and prevention from lower extremity injury.