增值评价与高等教育质量保障研究:理论与方法述评

A Literature Review of Research on Value-Added Assessment and Quality Assurance in Higher Education ： From the Aspects of Theories and Methods

增值评价作为一种发展性评价方法，是国内外高等教育研究领域的热点和难点。本文选择有代表性的部分研究，从理论基础和研究方法两个角度进行梳理与简要评论。研究发现，心理学视域下的大学生发展理论为增值评价提供了扎实的理论基础。学生的学习成果是增值评价的关键指标，如何界定将直接影响评价结果。自陈式量表与标准化测试是增值评价数据获得的主要途径，在当前美国高教评估界，这两种途径可以说势均力敌，各有千秋。增值评价结果受统计模型变化的影响较大，其中，多水平分析模型在诸多统计分析方法中具有一定优势。最后，本文尝试提出突破方法，从而提高增值评价应用于高等教育质量评估的可行性。

From the aspects of theories and methods，this paper carries out a literature review of research on value-added assessment and higher education quality assurance in China and abroad. The main findings are as follows. First，student development theories provide a solid theoretical foundation for value-added assessment m higher education. Second，student learning outcome is the key indicator of value-added assessment and how to define the indicator will directly affect assessment results. Third， self-reported scales and standardized tests are the main approaches to collecting data for value-added assessment* Fourth，value-added assessment results vary by statistical models，and the Hierarchical Linear Model stands out among the various models‘ Finally，difficulties concerning the application of val— ue-added assessment in higher education are discussed and possible solutions are put forward m order to improve the possibility of applying value-added assessment to higher education