论负面教育

A Study on Negative Education

负面教育是指教育者以适当的方式，对儿童的不当行为进行限制，或进行否定、指责和纠正，以使儿童转变错误认识、消除不当行为。在儿童行为规范的教育中，负面教育是一种难以替代、不可或缺的手段。儿童是在错误中学习和成长的，负面教育在于让儿童少犯错误，并对既有错误或问题进行修正。事实上，负面教育会给儿童制造一种困境或逆境，让儿童陷入价值选择的冲突，使儿童在问题解决中获得深刻的心理体验，生成和提高应对困境和逆境的能力。这正是负面教育的意义所在。负面教育的运用必须出于教育并为了教育，以尊重和关爱儿童为价值观，遵守适当性原则，并始终坚持审慎的态度。

Negative education means that the educators restrict or deny， criticize and coηect the children ’ s misconduct in appropriate ways， which aims at helping the children transform misconceptions and eliminate misconduct. Negative education is an irreplaceable and essential method in the education of regulating the children ’ s behaviors. The children ’ s learning and growing up accompanied by mistakes and the main purpose of negative education is to help the children make less mistakes as well as modify and improve the existing problems. In fact， negative education brings the children a kind of difficulty and adversity， lets them involve into the conflicts of value choices， makes them get deep psychological experience in the process of solving problems and assists them in generating and promoting the abilities of coping difficulties and adversities . And this is the meaning and significance of negative education. Employing negative education must understand that negative education both stems from and serves for education. The use of negative education bases on the the value of respecting and caring for the children， follows the principle of appropriateness and always adheres to the prudent attitude.