美国移民儿童的生态公平与教育诉求

Ecological Equality and Educational Development for Unauthorized Immigrant Children in USA

由于社会身份的缺失，美国非法移民儿童不得不面对不利的生态环境。移民儿童在社会环境中面临多重危机的共同制约，如社会资本获取过程中的途径危机、多元文化交流中的标准危机、信息沟通过程中的互动危机。不利社会境况的产生是无条件政策与多元文化政策现实博弈的结果。在依靠家庭文化和社会制度来改善生态环境未果的状况下，教育环境的改善成为解决问题的着眼点，从主观认同方面缓解个体发展和社会发展的认识矛盾，在客观追求方面提供充分的学习机会和广阔的学习空间被认为是可行之举。

Unauthorized immigrant children have to face negative factors in ecological environment. They are unable to control social capital，behavior standard and communicated information. Direct and indirect effects of categorical and multicultural policies form the negative environment for unauthorized immigrant children. Two methods can be utilized to release those contradictions. On one hand，education should give an idea about identical for personal development and national development. On the other hand， education should extend learning experience and learning space.