遊戲治療的家長諮詢困境與因應

Difficulties and Responses in Parental Consultation

家長在兒童改變過程中扮演無可取代的角色，以家長諮詢協助父母教養孩子，常能事半功倍地消融兒童問題行為。然而家長有時並非是主動參與諮詢，質疑遊戲治療師應改變兒童，而非家長本身。本研究旨在探究遊戲治療師於兒童案主接受遊戲治療期間，主動召開家長諮詢的目的、遭遇的困境為何？以及遊戲治療師如何化解家長質疑、取得合作。透過深度訪談四位遊戲治療師，以敘說探究法分析。結果發現遊戲治療師於兒童案主接受遊戲治療期間，主動召開家長諮詢的考量為「取得兒童訊息」、「順應工作環境」、「取代親職教育」、與「延續諮商效果」；進行家長諮詢的困境可分為四個主題，以及與困境相對應的因應，包括對「質疑遊戲治療架構」的家長，遊戲治療師以「專家角色說明遊戲治療的功能」；對「對孩子不當期待」的家長，應協助其「重新建立合理的標準」；對「相應不理」的家長，應藉由「見證孩子的改變」來引發家長參與的動力；對「邊抱怨邊期待」的家長，應透過「尋找過去成功的教養經驗」來協助家長賦權。並針對研究結果加以討論與提出建議。

Parents play an irreplaceable role in their child's changing process. Through parental consultation, they can usually rectify problematic behavior of their child in an effective way. However, parents sometimes do not attend parental consultation meetings voluntarily. They may question the counselors about why they instead of their child are expected to make the change. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concerns and difficulties that counselors have faced in holding parental consultation meetings during administration of the play therapy to a child, and how they have managed to address parental concerns and obtain their cooperation. Using the narrative inquiry method, this study conducted in-depth interviews with four counselors providing the play therapy. Results showed that the primary concerns of counselors in holding parental consultation meetings during administration of the play therapy include "collecting information about the child", "complying with the work environment", "using the therapy to take the place of psychological education", and "maintaining counseling effectiveness". Difficulties they have encountered were classified into four themes, including "suspicion play therapy effectiveness", "unreasonable expectation for the child", "lack of parental cooperation", and "expect amid complaints, and complain amid expectations". The counselors' reactions to the above difficulties were "explain", "reset", "witness", and "search" respectively. Finally, this study also discussed the results and proposed some suggestions.