中小学生自主学习的现状、问题与对策──以浙江省嘉兴市为例

The Students Self-learning situation , Problems and Countermeasures: Jiaxing of Zhejiang Province as an Example

对嘉兴市中小学生的抽样调查显示:学生当前的学习基本是"师主"的，他们自主学习的需求强烈，但缺乏认知与元认知策略，学校教学模式也难以支持学生自主学习能力的发展，高中生"追求掌握"的目标难以实现，初中生"追求表现"及学业求助中犹豫倾向明显，小学生"疲于应对"的主观感受最强烈。针对上述问题，需要教师把教学重心从"讲清知识点"向"保护并发展学生的学习能力"转移，教育行政部门、研究机构与学校应形成合力，整体推进教师探索"支持学生学习"的教学。

This sample survey on schoolchildren in Jiaxing City shows that the learning of students now is teacher-directed , and they have strong demands for their own learning , but lack awareness and meta-cognitive strategies. School teaching mode is difficult to support the development of students self-learning ability. High school students' goal for" pursuit to master" is difficult to achieve. Junior high school students have an obvious tendency in "pursuit of performance" and hesitation for academic help. Pupils' subjective feelings for "struggling to cope" are the most intense. In response to these problems , teachers should transfer their teaching center from "clarifying the knowledge points" to "protect and develop students' ability to learn". Educational administrative departments , research institutions and schools should work together for the overall advancement in the explorations for "support student learning" teaching.