优秀校长的领导特质：媒体报道视角的分析

Leadership Traits of Excellent Principals:Analysis from the Perspective of Media Reports

校长是决定中小学效率的主要因素之一，有关校长领导特质的研究层出不穷。基于对《中国教育报》中《校长周刊》2010年1月到10个月“榜首”有关优秀校长的30篇报道的文本进行一、二、三级编码分析，梳理出优秀校长的领导特质模型，同时与文献综述中概括出的校长领导特质模型进行比较分析。研究认为，比较西方国家校长领导特质，特别是美国新世纪所期待的校长领导特质，《中国教育报》媒体视角中的优秀校长具有“教学型领导”和“变革型领导”的特质，但这些特质能否发展成为“文化型和赋权型”领导特质，还有待进一步的观察与研究。就“教学型领导”和“变革型领导”特质而言，当下优秀校长还缺乏“科学研究”的特质，由此，提出优秀校长应具有“学者型”特质的观念。

Principal is one of the decisive factors for school efficiency.The studies about leadership traits of principals have been emerging in an endless stream.Based on reports on excellent principals by"Principal Weekly"in China Education Daily between January and October 2010,this paper analyzed 30report texts by employing three-level coding,constructed the Model of Leadership Traits of Excellent Principals,and made comparison with the framework of leadership traits of principals in literature review,The author concluded that compared with the leadership traits of western principals,especially those expected in the United States of America,the reported excellent principals were attributed with traits of"instructional leadership"and"transformational leadership."It is not sure whether the traits could develop towards"cultural and empowered leadership",which needs further observation and research.However,as for the traits of"instructional leadership"and"transformational leadership",current excellent principals lack the leadership traits of"scientific research",whereby the paper has proposed the concept of"the scholarly traits"which the excellent principals should have.