学习科学的方法论革新与研究方法综述

Methodology Innovations in Learning Sciences and A Synthesis of Its Research Methods

学习科学研究的快速发展及其影响力的不断提升，很大程度上归功于它的方法论革新以及多种创新方法与技术的使用。文章简要描述了学习科学方法论的革新背景，重点剖析了作为学习科学重要方法论的"设计研究"其整合科学与设计的方法论逻辑，并概要介绍了互动分析、话语分析、行动相关事件的网络建构法、批判设计民族志、视频研究和脑功能成像等应用于当今学习科学的典型方法与技术。最后总结和讨论了学习科学研究为应对真实学习情境的复杂性所表现的方法特性和未来面临的挑战。

The rapid development of and improvement in learning science research can be attributed to its methodology innovations and the use of innovative technologies. This paper briefly describes the background for the emerging of the learning science methodolgy, and then analyzes the methodological logic of integrating science with design in design research (an important research method in learing science). This paper aalso introduces the typical methods and technologies that are used in learning sciencs today, such as interaction analysis, discourse analysis, constructing networks of action-relevant episodes, critical design ethnography, video research and brain functional imaging, etc. Finally, this paper summarizes and discusses the characteristics of method when used in learning science research and the challenges it will face in the future, considering the complexity of learning in the real contexts.