学生与辅导教师的在线交互研究

A Study on Online Interaction between Tutor and Students

学习支持对于在线学习环境中的学习者的学习有着很重要的促进作用。印度尼西亚特布卡大学利用面对面教学、远程和在线的模式等各种方式为学习者提供学习支持服务。作为该校提供的一种学习支持服务方式，在线辅导旨在帮助学生更好地理解印刷材料。因为其"在线"的特征，在线辅导通过师生之间的异步交互和交流，以及学生之间互相的在线辅导，为学生提供了更灵活的学习途径。辅导教师在在线学习环境中的物理存在使得交互或对话变得更加客观、实用，使得交互聚焦于讨论话题。"公共演讲"课程旨在培养学生向公众表达和传播观点的能力，该课程提供了印刷和非印刷学习材料，以帮助学生进行独立学习。学生通过印刷材料学习公共演讲方面的概念，并利用非印刷材料或者CD-ROM 了解相关案例。在线辅导通过在线交互促进学生对概念的理解。本描述性研究试图探究在缺乏人际交流中的归属感、情感和控制等背景下，在线学习环境中辅导教师和学生之间的交互和交流，因而对2010 年第一学期"公共演讲"课程的在线辅导活动进行了内容分析，研究发现，该课程的在线辅导活动中缺少礼貌，交流礼节也有所欠缺，另外，在线辅导教师需要加强学生在在线学习环境中的学习动机。

Learning support is essential to facilitate students in an online learning environment. At Universitas Terbuka (UT), learning support services are provided in various means, face-to-face as well as online. Online tutorial is one of the learning support services provided by UT, which aims to help students better understand the printed learning materials. Online tutorial has the advantage of allowing for more flexible access to learning through asynchronous means of interaction and communication. The course Public Speaking intends to develop students' capability to express and communicate ideas with the public effectively. The course is equipped with printed and non-printed learning materials to help students in their independent learning activities. Students learn concepts on public speaking from the printed materials and are exposed with examples of public speaking through non-printed or CD-ROM materials. The online tutorials are designed to enhance students' learning of public speaking concepts through online interactions. This study attempts to examine how the interaction and communication between tutors and students in online learning environments without interpersonal communication aspects such as inclusion, affection and control. A descriptive study was conducted involving content analysis of online tutorial activities during the first semester of 2010. The findings of this study have revealed that lacking of politeness, weak communication etiquette, and the need for online tutors to impair the students' motivation to learn in an online learning environment.