从数字学习环境到智慧学习环境——学习环境的变革与趋势

From Digital to Smart: The Evolution and Trends of Learning Environment

学习环境的构建是实现学与教方式变革的基础。本文首先从社会信息化对学习环境变革的诉求出发，提出了智慧学习环境的概念，并指出智慧学习环境是数字学习环境的高端形态，其目的是促进学习者轻松的、投入的和有效的学习；然后，分析了普通学习环境与智慧学习环境在学习资源、学习工具、学习社群、教学社群、学习方式、教学方式等六个方面的明显差异，提出了智慧学习环境的系统模型和TRACE3功能模型；其次，从人工智能、传感器技术和通信技术三个方面综述了当今技术发展对智慧学习环境建设的支持；最后，描述了五种典型智慧学习环境应具备的特征。

The construction of learning environment is the foundation to reform teaching and learning. After analyzing the development of social informatization and learning environments, we propose the concept of " smart" learning environment, which is the high level of digital environment and can support " easy, engaged and effective" learning. Learning resources, learning tools, learning communities, teaching communities, ways to learn and to teach are the six aspects that smart differs from traditional learning environment. We propose a system model and the TRACE3 functional model of " smart" learning environment, and analyze the ICT support for " smart" learning environment from artificial intelligence, sensor technology, and communication technology. The last part of the article describes the characteristics of five classical " smart" environments.