欧洲学分互认体系：一个转换与累积体系

The European Credit Transfer System: A Transfer and Accumulation System

欧洲学分互认体系(ECTS)于1989－1990学年开始推行。其最初目的是根据欧共体"伊拉斯莫"计划，对学生流动转学期间的学习给予认可，学生将获得经由ECTS认证的学分和一个ECTS等级，这些学分和等级可以使学生流动期间就读学校的成绩获得母校的认可。"用户手册"是欧洲学分互认体系的解释性文件。该系统的核心是，学分的授予是建立在所完成的学习任务和通过考试所获得的学习成绩上的。本演讲将详细介绍ECTS系统，以及它目前在49 个国家和地区之间作为转换与累积学分体系的作用。

The European Credit and Transfer System(ECTS) was launched in the academic year 1989/ 90. Its original purpose was to give recognition to periods of study undertaken by students undertaking a period of mobility under the ERASMUS system within the European Community. Students would be awarded ECTs credits and an ECTS grade in recognition of study completed at a host University for recognition by a home University. The defining document for ECTS is the Users' Guide. The key principle of the ECTS system is that credits are associated with workload and the acquisition of learning outcomes through assessment. In this presentation the details of the ECTS system will be described and its use now as both a transfer and accumulation credit system in and between 49 countries who are all members of the Bologna Process.