替代性溝通訓練在國小中、重度智能障礙學童購物技能學習之成效研究

The Research of the Effectiveness of Alternative Communication Training on the Learning of Shopping Skills for Elementary School Children with Moderate to Severe Mental Retardation

本研究之目的在探討替代性溝通訓練在國小中、重度智能障礙學童購物技能學習之成效。研究方法採單一受試研究法中之跨受試多探試之實驗設計，受試為三名中、重度智能障礙國小學童，自變項為替代性溝通訓練，依變項為購物技能之行為。本研究之結果摘要如下：一、 替代性溝通訓練對國小中、重度智能障礙學童之購物技能具有習得成效，並能繼續應用此行為。二、 替代性溝通訓練對國小中、重度智能障礙學童之購物技能能類化於不同情境。三、 三名受試除習得購物技能外，尚改善了認知、社會能力、生活能力等方面之行為。四、訪談相關人員顯示本研究具良好社會效度。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of alternative communication training on the learning of shopping skills for elementary school children with moderate to severe mental retardation. The subjects are three elementary school children with moderate to severe mental retardation. The single subject research across subjects with multiple probe design was used. The independent variable was alternative communication training and the dependent variable was shopping skills. Data were collected on the three subjects during baseline， intervention， maintenance， and generalization phases. Visual analysis was used to analyze the effectiveness of the training. The observational analysis and social validity analysis using interviews with related individuals were also supplemented. Results of this study are summarized as followings: 1. The alternative communication training is effective on the acquisition of shopping skills for the elementary school children with moderate to severe mental retardation. It is also effective in maintaining the results of such behavior change and in the generalization of the success. 2. In addition to improved shopping skills， the subjects have also learned other skills during the period of this study. 3. Interviews with related individuals have indicated that this research has a high social validity.