學校社會工作員參與學生輔導工作之實務策略

Practical Strategies of Social Workers as Student Guidance in Secondary Schools

本研究目的係探討學校社會工作員參與學生輔導工作時所運用的實務策略，以訪談方法，共訪問十二位學校社會工作員。研究結果顯示學校社會工作員常用的工作策略包括直接策略（教育、干預、調解）與間接策略（諮詢、合作、倡導）；工作層面包括與學生個人以及生態系統對象（家庭、學校、社區）。據此，學校社工員提供學生輔導服務以生態系統觀點作為評估架構，運用多元的工作策略，並針對學生個體與相關生態系統對象作為服務標的，而且社工服務與輔導團隊中的諮商師、教育輔導人員有所差異。最後建議應強化專業分工與合作，善用生態系統觀點與多元策略，以提供有效的專業服務。

The purpose of this study was to explore practical strategies that social workers used in student guidance in secondary school. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect data from 12 school social workers. Two types of strategies were found: Direct strategies (education, intervention, and mediation) and indirect strategies (consultation, cooperation, and advocacy). And two targets of treatment were found: the individuals and their ecological systems (family, school, and community). Thus, school social workers provided professional service with both individual and ecological targets, and also used several strategies which were different from counseling and education. Lastly, several suggestions were recommended for future practice: (1) division and cooperation of multi-professional practitioners; (2) working from an ecological system perspective with multi-strategies.