完美主義與學習困擾、正負向情感之關係：反芻思考之中介效果

The Relations Among Perfectionism, Learning Problem, and Positive and Negative Affect: The Mediating Effect of Rumination

研究目的：1.檢視完美主義各分量表之分數對學習困擾及正負向情感之預測。2.檢證反芻思考在完美主義與正負向情感間、或完美主義與學業困擾間之中介效果。研究方法：本研究針對大學生進行調查研究，共施測941位大學生（426男，515女）。研究結果：經統計分析後其結果顯示1.完美主義各分量表之分數對正負向情感及學習困擾皆能有效預測，其中尤以自我批評之預測力最高。2.功能性反芻在正向完美主義與正向情感具有部份中介之效果。反思反芻在負向完美主義與負向情感、學習困擾間皆具有部份中介之效果。憂思反芻不只在正向完美主義與正向情感間具有部份中介之效果，並且在負向完美主義與負向情感間、學習困擾間皆具有部份中介之效果。

Purpose: Two purposes of this study were (a) to understand which variables of perfectionism can effectively predict the scores of learning problem and positive/negative affect; (b) to examine the mediating effectiveness of rumination on the relationships between perfectionism and learning problem, and between perfectionism and positive/negative affect. In this study, we conducted a survey of 941 undergraduate students (426 males and 515 females). Results: (a) Most of the perfectionism subscales can effectively predict the scores of learning problem and positive/negative affect. Especially, self-critical is the strongest predictor of the scores of learning problem and positive/negative affect. (b) Whereas functional rumination partially mediated the relationship between positive perfectionism and positive affect, reflective rumination partially mediated the relationship between negative perfectionism and negative affect/learning problem. Finally, brooding rumination partially mediated both the relationship between positive perfectionism and positive affect and the relationship between negative perfectionism and negative affect/learning problem. The implications of the findings, limitations and future research directions were discussed at the end of this paper.