透视美国教育博士学位:历史变迁与发展趋势

Probing the Degree of Doctor of Education in U.S.A.: Historical Transition and Future Trend

美国教育博士学位教育自1920年哈佛大学开始已有近百年的发展历史，其历史发展过程可以划分为三个时期:萌芽期、上升期和平台期。美国教育博士学位在其百年发展中出现了诸多问题:培养目标定位不明，与哲学博士学位相似度较高，自身的质量保障体系不够完善等。当前美国教育博士学位已出现改革的趋势。

Doctor of Education (Ed. D.) in America has had a nearly one-hundred-year history since its establishment by Harvard University in 1920.According to its emergence and development， its history can be divided into three periods—initial phase， growth phase and plateau phase， which indicate the venation of development. Research shows that the degree has encountered some problems， which include that the aim of the degree is not clear and resembles Ph. D. in Education， and the quality assurance system is not complete， etc. The experience has important meaning to the development of Ed. D. in China.