走向创业型大学：中国的应对与挑战

Heading towards the entrepreneurial Universities: China's response and challenges

创业型大学有四个不同于以往大学的典型特征：学术立业的组织结构、不断创新的创业文化、学术资本的师生共识、协同创新的契约关系。作为仍处于发展中的全球高等教育变革的当代现象，创业型大学已成为知识社会的心脏，围绕学术创业，它的知识逻辑、使命和功能皆发生了深刻变化。中国从变革高等教育结构、建设专业学位、创建自主创新的高科技园区等方面积极回应了这一高等教育的伟大变革，但是囿于旧的大学观念、体制和文化的局限，向创业型大学的转型仍然存在诸多困难，面临着巨大的挑战。

Entrepreneurial universities are different from the traditional ones through four typical features: an organizational structure academic business， continuous and innovative entrepreneurial culture， a consensus of academic capital between faculty and students， and a contractual relationship of collaborative innovation. As a contemporary phenomenon that reforming of the global higher education which is still at a stage of development， entrepreneurial universities that are focusing on the academic entrepreneurship have become the heart of the knowledge society. And its knowledge logic， mission， and functions have changed profoundly. In response to this great change of higher education， China is transforming the structure of the higher education， building up professional degrees， establishing the independent innovative scientific and technological parks， and so on. However， confined to the outdated ideas about universities and limited by the system and the culture， the transition of the entrepreneurial universities are still encountering various difficulties and facing great challenges.