大学生创业态度和倾向的关系及影响因素——以清华大学学生为研究对象

On relations between Entrepreneurial Attitude and Intention%2C and the Impact of the Background Diversity: taking students in Tsinghua University as subjects

本文以清华大学学生为研究对象，以调查问卷的方法，采取方便抽样的方式获得有效样本869个，研究大学生创业态度和创业倾向的关系，以及性别、成长环境等因素对其创业态度和创业倾向的影响。通过因子分析，对创业态度析出名利追求态度、精神追求态度和社会责任态度3个公共因子;对创业倾向析出创业意识倾向和创业行动倾向2个公共因子。通过分析发现清华大学学生有如下特点:创业态度与创业倾向显著正相关;性别、专业、是否独生子女、成长环境、学历、创业竞赛经历及获奖情况、创业活动经历、父母职业、成长地域等因素，都会影响其创业态度和创业倾向。具体的结论大部分和已有的研究结果相一致，少部分不一致的结果反映了不同学生群体的差异。

Based on a survey research with volunteers in Tsinghua University， This paper studies the relations between entrepreneurial attitude and intention， and the influences of the background diversity on the entrepreneurial attitude and intention， and there are 869 valid subjects. By factor-analysis method，3 common factors of entrepreneurial attitude are separated， including attitude of pursuing fame and gain， attitude of pursuing spirit and attitude towards social responsibility， and the common factors of entrepreneurial intention are consciousness intention and action intention. The SPSS analysis results show that Tsinghua University students’ entrepreneurial attitude and their entrepreneurial intention have correlated positive effects， and the background diversity distinctly affects their entrepreneurial attitude and intention.